Rail-fastening.



w. ti. tItAN KLIN. RAIL FASTENING. APPLICATION FILED FEB.24,1912.

Patentd Sept. 24, 1912.

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APPLICATION FILED IEB.24, 1912.

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Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

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APPLICATION FILED 113.24, 1912.

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RAIL FASTENING.

APPLICATION FILED r1112. 24, 1912.

Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

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RAIL FASTENING.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.24,1912.

1,039,374, Patented Sept. 24, 1912'.

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W. B. FRANKLIN.

RAIL FASTENING.

APPLICATION rum) FBB.24,1912.

1,039,374, Patented Sept.24,1912.

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* RAIL FASTENING.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1912. 1,039,374. Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

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manna/M01 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM E. FRANKLIN, 0F CROSSNORE, NORTH CAROLINA.

RAIL-FAS'IENING.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

Application filed Februaryfil, 1912. .Serial No. 679,648.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VILLIAM E. FRANK- LIN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Crossnore, in the county of Avery, State of NorthCarolina, have invented certain new and usefiil Improvements in Rail-Fastenings; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to an improvement in rail fastenirigs. 1

The principal object of the invention is to provide a novel means forsecuring rails upon ties without the use of either bolts or spikes.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel means for clampingthe rails, whereby said rails will be prevented from lateral creepin Afurther ob ect. of the invention is to provide a plurality of ties ofnovel construction adapted to be positioned under the meeting ends ofrails, and a novel means associated with said ties for effectuallyclamping the rails thereto.

Another object of the invention is to provide a plurality of ties forthe purpose. above described and a novel form of splice bar associatedtherewith, whereby the ties and the splice bar will conjoint-1y form asubstantially solid base for the meeting ends of the rails.

IVith these and other objects in view, the invention consists in theconstruction and novel combination of parts hereinafter fully described,illustrated in the accompanying drawings, andpointed out in the claimshereto appended; it being understood that various changes in the form,proportion, size and minor details of construction with in the scope ofthe claims, may be resorted to without departing from the spirit orsacrificing any of the advantages of the invennon.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a top plan view of the preferred form of myinvention,

showing my improved means for securing rails upon a plurality of ties,Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, Fig. 3is a top plan view of one of the outer ties shown in Fig. 1.. Fig. 4 isa the inner splice bar, Fig. 7 is an end view thereof, Fig. 8 is a topplan view of the in termediate tic, Fig. 9 is a side elevation thereof,Fig. 10 is a perspective view of one of the wedge-blocks, Fig. llis adetail perspective view of the meeting end of one of the rails, Fig. 12is a perspective view of the. locking teeth, Fig. 13 is a top plan viewshowing a modified form of. my invention, the view illustrating arailway crossing, Fig. 14 is a bottom plan view of the rear crossingstructure, the cross ties being removed, Fig. 15 is an end view thereof,Fig. 16 is a sectional view taken on the line 16-16 of Fig. 13, Fig. 17is anenlarged detail sectional view taken on the line 17-17 of Fig. 13,Fig. 18 is a perspective view of one of the rail clamping bars, Fig. 19is a top planview of the crossing frame, Fig. 20 is a cross sectionalview taken on the line 20-20 of Fig. 19, Fig, 21 is a perspective viewof one corner of the cross tie showing the spacing block securedthereto, Fig. '22 is a perspecti ve view of one of the anglewedge-blocks.

Like reference numerals designate corresponding parts in all the figuresof the drawings.

Referring to the drawings and more particularly to Figs. 1 to 11inclusive, there is shown a set of ties which are disposed under thetrack rails and at the meeting ends of one pair of rail sections, eachset comprising spaced outer ties AA and an intermediate tie B, which isspaced from the said outer ties. Inasmuch as the constructions of theouter ties A are identical, the description of one thereofis deemed tobe sufficient. Each outer tie consists of a body portion having alongitudinal channel 5 formed in its undersurface for receiving dirt orother ballast to prevent movement in any direction of said tie. Thecentral portion of the top of the tie is recessed, as indicated by thereference numeral 6, to form consequent raised ends 7 and 8respectively.

Formed in the raised end 7 is a transverse dovetailed slot 9 formingconsequent overhanging walls 10-10, the outer wall being disposed at aninclination for a purpose hereinafter described. Integral with the bodyof the tie and projectin into the slot 9 from the inner wall thereo is astep 11,

whichis disposed at one side of said recess. The inner wall 10 0p ositethe step 11 is recessed, as indicated y the reference numpral 12, asclearly shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. Formed in the top face abovethe inner wall is an angular recess 13 forming a consequent shoulder 14.The inher wall 15 of the tie is formed with a longitudinal recess 16which merges with the dove-tailed slot 9. Formed in the outer wall 17 ofthe tie and merging with the bottom of the slot 9 is an inclined groove18, and formed in the outer wall of the raised end 7 is an inclinedgroove 19, which is disposed at an obtuse angle to said groove 18.Formed in the outer end of the raised end 7 opposite the recess 13 is atransverse recess 20, which merges with the dove-tailed slot 9, and has;its transverse edge 21 inclined parallel to the inclined outer wall 10of said slot 9. Formed in the raised end 8 of the tie is a transversedovetailed slot P 22 forming consequent overhanging walls 23 23, theouter wall being disposed at an inclination for a purpose hereinafterdescribed. Projecting into the slot 22 from the inner wall thereof is astep 24, which extends transversely across said tie. Formed in the topof the outer end of the raised end 8 fis a' transverse recess 25 whichmerges w th the dove-tailed slot '22, and has its transverse edge 26inclined parallel to the inclined outer wall of said slot 22. Theintermediate tie B consists of a body port-ion having a longitudinalchannel 27 formed in its base. a The central portion of the top of thetie is recessed, as indicated by the reference numeral 28, to formconsequent raised'ends 29 and 30 respectively, said ends beingrespectively disposed in. alinement with the raised ends'7 and 8 of eachtie A. Formed in the raised end portion 29 is a transverse slot 31forming a consequent vertical inner wall 32 and an overhanging outer endwall 32. Projecting forwardly from the inner end wall 32 is a transversetongue 33 having an undercut end 34. Centrally projecting from the end34 is a stop 35. The outer end wall 32 is transversely inclined toregister with the outer end walls- 10 of the ties A. Formed in the topof the outer end of the raised end 29 is a transverse recess 36 whichmerges with the-dove,- tailed slot 31, and is disposed parallel to theinclined outer wall 33 of said slot. EX: tending laterally from theopposite sides of the tie and below the slot 31 are projections 37--37.Formed in the raised end 30 of the tie is a transverse dove-tailed slot38 forming consequent overhanging walls 3939, the outer wall beingdisposed at an inclination for a purpose hereinafter described.

Projecting into the slot 38 from the inner wall thereof is a step 40which extends transversely across said tie. Formed in the top of theouter end 30 is a transverse recess 41 which merges with the slot 38,and has its transverse edge 42 inclined parallel to the inclined outerwall of said\slot 38.

Associated with the ties A and B and respectively seated within thedove-tailed slots 9 and 31 is a splice bar C. This bar .consistsof abase 43, which is seated upon the bottoms of said transverse slots andagainst the inner walls thereof. Integral with the base. and upwardlyextending from the inner ed e thereof is a web engaging fiange 44. isflange is centrally formed Withan opening 45 to receive the tongue 33 ofthe intermediate tie B. It will be observed in this connection that the'stop'35 projects forwardly beyond the flange, and. above the base. Eachend 46 of the flange v 44 projects beyond each end 47 of the base 43,andis adapted to be seated within the angular recesses 13 of the ties A,the ends 47 abutting the inner side wall of the steps 22 of said ties.The inner side of each end of the base is formed with an inclinedprojection 48 adapted to be seated within a re-- spective recess 12 ofthe ties.A. The base 43 is formed with a longitudinal recess 49, thebottom thereof being disposed flush with the bottom of the dove-tailedslots 9 and'31 of the ties A and B, and the vertical wall parallel withthe forward edge of the steps 11 of the outer ties A. Each end of thebase is transversely recessed to form a consequent tongue 50 adapted tobe seated .upon. the bottom of the transverse slots 9, and is alsocentrally recessed as indicated by the reference numeral 51, to receivethe bottom of the transverse slot 31 of the intermediate tie B. The base43 projects downwardly between the ties A and B, and each projection isformed with a recess 52 in its underface, the bottom edges of saidprojections being arranged flush with. the bottom edges of the ties Aand B.

I Adjacent rail sections 5353 each has its base 54 seated upon the base43 of said splice bar, and its web 55 hearing against the webengagingflange 44, of said bar. The meetingend of each section is notched, asindi- .cated by the referencenumerals 56-56, for

engaging on opposite sides of, the stop 35.

It Wlll be observed in this ,oo'n'nection that the meeting ends of thesections are disposed directly above the. center {of the in- 5terlnediate tie B. In order to securely lock said sections againstlateral, displacement,-

there is provided a second splice bar, which is designated as a whole.by the referene .numeral 57. This splice bar consists of a base 58 andan overhanging flange 59. The longitudina l edge 60 of the bar oppositethe flange 59 is longitudinally inclined so that the bar is therebyformed with a smaller end and a larger end. Formed in this edge .alongitudinal groove 61, and formed'in 'the small end of the bar is anopening 62' "which communicates with the groove 61- and with the base58. This bar is disposed within the slots}? of the ties A and the slot31 frictionally locked.

engages the wall of the slot 19.

upon the steps 11 and 40 of said ties.

of the tie B between the outer walls thereof and the rail sect-ions, andby reason of the inclined wall (30 of said bar bearing against theinclined walls of the slots, the said bar will be forced to tightlyclamp the rail sections when said bar is forced inwardly. When the baris thus driven home, the opening' 62 thereof Will register with theslots 18 and 1.) of the first mentioned tie. In order to lock theseparts together, there is provided a flat wedge-shaped pin (33, which isformed with a series of transverse teeth (54 on one of its flat faces.The smaller end of this pin is inserted through the recess lf) into theopening 62 of the bar, and is then driven inwardly until the saidsmaller end The teeth G l of the pin will engage the top edge of thegroove 61 of the bar and thereby prevent accidental displacement of saidpin. It will thus be observed that by reason of the slot 18 beingdisposed at an angle to that of the slot 19, the smaller end of the pinwill be caused to engage the inner wall of said slot 18, and therebytend to bend the pin, and as a result, cause the pin to be As the pin isdriven home, as above described, the said pin will tend to draw the baralong by reason of the wedge-shaped construction of said pin, andthereby cause the rail sections to be tightly clamped between saidsplice bars.

A single rail section 65 is disposed within the slots .22 of the outerties A and the slot 38 of the intermediate tie B in such a manner thatthe base of said section is seated A wedge-block 66 identical inconstruction to the splice bar 57 is disposed within said slots betweenthe outer ends of the ties and the said section, and locking pins 67 areassociated with the smaller end thereof and with the ties in a mannersimilar as above described for locking said block 66 against movement.

In the modified form of my invention, as disclosed in Figs. 13 to 22inclusive, there is shown a novel construction of railway crossings. Inthis form of the invention there are provided crossed pairs of ties68-438 and 69 69 respectively, the ends 68 and (39 of each pair of tiesprojecting beyond the respective cross ties. Seated upon the ties attheir intersections are angular spacing blocks 70. These blocks areformed of any suitable material, and are each provided with dependinglugs 71 which project from each corner thereof for engagement withadjacent side walls'of each adjacent cross tie and thereby retain saidblock against lateral movement in any direction.

Formed in the upper faces of each of the extensions 68 and 39 of theties are recesses 7 2 and 73 respectively. The recesses of each pair oftles are formed wlth a vertical inner wall 71 and a dowmvardly inclinedbottom 7 2.

Seated upon the spacing blocks is a skeleton rail chair frame consistingof spaced pairs of crossed members DD and EPE, the ends of each pair ofmembers projecting beyond the other pair of said members. This frame isof a size correspending to the crossed ties. Each member of the frame isidentical in construction and therefore the description of one of saidmembers is deemed to be sufficient.

Each member consists of a central portion 74 and end portions 75-75. Thecentral portion74 is disposed between a pair ofymembers and the endportions respectively project beyond said pair of members. Each memberconsists of a body poition 76, and extending upwardly from the innerwall of the cent ".11 portion 74 is a longitudinal flange 77. outer wallof the central portion 74 is a head 78, the flange and the bead beingspaced apart to form a longitudinal slot 79. Formed in the lower portionof the inner wall of the central portion 74 is a longitudinal groovehaving an inclined bottom 81 which merges with the base 82 of saidmember. Also formed in the lower portion of the inner wall of saidcentral portion 74 is a central recess 83 which communicates with thebase 82 of the member and the longitudinal groove 80. The outer wa'll ofthe body portion directly below the head 78 is formed with alongitudinal recess 84.

Each end portion 7 5 of each member-is formed with an upwardly extendinglongitudinal flange 85 and the outer end 86 ot each flange 1s outwardlyflared to freely receive the car wheels. 'lheseflanges 85 are disposedin alinement with the cent :11 flange 77, and formed in the inner end ofeach flange '85 is a transverse slot 87 which registers with the groove79 of the adjacent cross member. Also formed in the inner end of eachflange 85 adjacent the transverse slot 87 is a cut away portion 88forming a seat, the bottom thereof being disposed in the same plane asthe upper edge of the adjacent bead 78. Also upwardly projecting fromeach end portion 75 is a longitudinal head 89, said head being-dis posedin spaced relation to the flange 85 to form a coi'isequent longitudinalgroove 90, said head- 89 and groove 90 bcingdisposed in alincme'nt withthe head 78 and the groove 79 of the central portion 74. Formed in thelower portion of the inner face of each end portion 75 is an inwardlyextending longitudinal groove 91 having 'an upwardly inclined wall 92.Formed in the outer face of each end portion 75 and di-' sections, eachsection being indicated as a whole feythe reference numeral 94. Eachrail section is associated with each central portion '7 of each memberof the chair frame, the inner base flange of the rail fitting within thelongitudinalgroove 84 and the inner edge of the tread resting upon thebead 78. Each rail section 94: has its tread portion 95 projectingbeyond the base and web at either end and seated upon the respectiveseats 88. Disposed against the outer face of each rail section 94 is aclamp- .ing bar 96 having its inner face correspondingly formed toreceive the adjacent base flange ofsaid rail. The outer face of each ofthese bars 96 is formed with a longitudinal groove 97 having an inclinedwall 98 which merges with the bottom of the bar and extendslongitudinally bf said bar. Centrally formed in the lower edge of theouter face is a recess -99 which registers. with the recess 83 of theadjacent central portion 74. l

The inversion urther comprises opposed pairs of rail clamping bars K-Kand L-L respectively. portions 100-10O and a raised connecting portion101. Formed in each end portion 100 is a transverse dove-tailed slot102, the upper edges of the walls thereof merging with an outertransverse cut-out portion 103 and an inner transverse cut-out portion104 which respectively form transverse sh dcrs 10.5and 106.

to 'the adjacent central portions 7 4 of the frame and the respectiveclamping to said rail sections. clam ing bars K, they have their endsrespectively seated within the recesses 83 of the central portion 74and-the recesses 98 a of the clamping then slid laterally bars 96. Thesebars K are recesses. The rail clamping bars .L'L are identical inconstruction with the rail clamping bars K with the exception that thecentral portions 101 are not raised, and are consequently disposed belowthe central portions 101 of the bars K and at right angles thereto.

My invention rality of angle rails 106 which are each dis-- posedagainst the outer faces of. adjacent extensions of saidframe. Associatedwith each of these angle rails is an angle rail clamp 107, includingarms 108-108, the outer faces 109 of each arm taperin fifrom the angleto the free end thereof and formed with an upwardly and inwardlyinclined longitudinal wall 110. Formed in each the outer endthereof isanwith the inclined wall 110 and with the base 112 of said arm, andregistevs with an openmg 73 of a respective cross tie 68. In order Thebars K each include end I oul- These bars are adapted to clamp anopposed pair of rail sections 94 bars 96 In positioning the rail oneither side of sad further. comprises a plu- 'to secure the angle rails106 and the angle rail clamping bars 107 in position, there are provideda plurality of clamping bars M. Each of these barsis formed wlth raisedends 113113 and a central portion 114-. A dove-tailed slot 115 ,isformed in each end, andthis slot includes an inclined transverse outerwall 116 adapted to fitthe outer faces of the arms 108 of theangleclamp. Forined in the outer faces of these clamping bars M adjacent theouter end thereof are inclined grooves 117-118 grooves register with theopenings 111 of said angle clamping bar 108. A wedgeshaped flat pin 117is projected through an opening 111, through the grooves 117 andrespectively. These 118, and has its free end pro ecting into'an opening7 3 of the cross tie. The upper face 0 this pin is formed with a seriesof trans- 119 which are adapted to engage I verse teeth a shoulder120formed by the inclined outer wall 110 of the rail clam-ping member.As

these pins are driven home, the rail'clam in bars withwhich they contactwill e shifted laterally to bind the angle rail clamps 107 tightlyagainst the angle rail, and thereby hold the same against movement.clamping bars K, thereof are transverse recesses 121 which are adaptedto receive the cross ties 68, and

thereby hold the crossing in its'entirety from lateral movements.

What is claimed is: I

1. In a railway track structure, the combination with apair of spacedarallel rail sections, of a transverse member aving slots forrespectively receiving. said sections, one

Formed in the base portions; of the L and M at either end 'side of themember being formed with an inclined groove an element disposed in oneof the slots of wall thereof for receiving a respective rail section, awedge-shaped rail clamp disposed within the last mentioned slot andbetween the outer wall thereof and the railsection, the smaller end ofthe clamp being formed with an opening registering with the groove. ofthetransverse member, said clamp and member being} respectively movableone with the other, and a wedge-aha ed key disosed within aidfo eningand s wall thereof for receiving a respective rail rail clamp disposedsection, a wedge-shaped within the-last mentioned slot and between theouter wall thereof and the rail section, the smaller end-of saidclampbeing forme the member against the inner 'ot for look-' ing the member',e einent and rail section In a railway trackstruct lre, the coma with anelongated opening registering with the groove of the transverse member,said clamp and member being respectively movable one with the other, anda flat wedgeshaped ke disposed within said opening and slot or lookingthe member, element and rail section against "lateral movement, said keybeing formed on its upper face with a series of transverse teeth adaptedfor engagement with said clamp.

3. In a railway track structure, the combination with a pair of spacedparallel rail sections, of a transverse member having slot-s forrespectively receiving said sections, said slots being each formed toprovide a transverse overhanging inner wall and an inclined overhangingouter wall, one side of the member being formed with an inclined groove,an element disposed in one of the slots of the member against the innerwall thereof for receiving a respective rail sec tion, a rail clampdisposed within the last Inentioned slot between the outer wall thereofand the rail section, the outer face of the clamp taperinglongitudinally toward the grooved side of the member, the smaller end ofsaid clamp being formed with a downwardly inclined opening registeringwith the groove of the member, and a wedgeshaped key disposed withinsaid opening and slot for locking the member, element and rail sectionagainst lateral movement.

4. In a railway track structure, the combination with a pair of spacedparallel rail sections, of a transverse member having slots forrespectively receiving said sect-ions, said slots being each formed toprovide a transverse overhanging inner wall and an inclined overhangingouter wall, one side of the member being formed with an inclined groove,anelement disposed in one of the slots of the member against the innerwall thereof for receiving va respective rail sec- -'tion, a rail clampdisposed within the last mentioned slot between the outer wall thereofand the rail section, the outer face of the clamp taperinglongitudinally toward the grooved side of the member and formed with alongitudinal groove forming an inclined Wall and a resultant shoulder,the smaller end of said clamp being formed with a downwardly inclinedopening disposed at an angle to and registering wit-h the groove of themember, and a wedge-shaped key disposed within said opening and slot forlocking the member, element and rail section against lateral movement,said key being formed on its upper face with a series of transverseteeth adapted for engagement with the shoulder of the rail clamp.

5. In a railway structure, the combination with a pair of spaced tiesrespectively having transverse slots formed in each end, one of saidties being formed with an inclined groove, "of a splice bar seated atits ends in certain of the slots of the ties, a wedgeshaped elementassociated with the last mentioned slots of the ties for clamping arail' section against the splice bar, the smaller end of the elementbeing formed with an opening, and a wedge-shaped key disposed within thegroove of the tie to draw said clement longitudinally.

6. In a railway structure, the combina tion with a pair of spaced outerties respectively having transverse slots formed near each end, of anintermediate tie having transverse slots formed therein and arranged inalinement with the slots of the outer tie, a splice bar seated withinone of the slots of the intermediate tie and having interlockingengagement with said tie, the outer ends of the bar being respectivelyseated within the alined slots of the outer ties, and a wedge-shapedelement associated with the last mentioned alined slots of the ties forclamping a rail section against the splice bar.

7. In a railway structure,'the combination with a pair of spaced outerties respectively having transverse slots formed near each end, of anintermediate tie having transverse slots formed therein and arranged inalinement with the slots of the outer tie, a splice bar seated withinone of the slots of the intermediate tie and having interlockingengagement with said tie, the outer ends of the bar being respectivelyseated within the alined slots of the outer ties, a wedge-shaped elementassociatedwith the last mentioned alined slots of the ties for clampinga rail section against the splice bar, and locking means for saidelement.

8. In a railway structure, the combination with a pair of spaced outerties respectively having transverse slots formed near each end. of anintermediate tie having transverse slots formed therein and arranged inalinen'lent with the slots of the outer tie, a splice bar seated withinone of the slots of the intern'iediate tie and having interlockingengagement with said tie, the outer ends of the bar being respectivelyseated within the alined slots of the outer ties, a wedge-shaped elementassociated with the last mentioned alined slots of the ties for clampinga rail section against the splice bar, one of said ties being formedwith an inclined groove, the smaller end of the element being formedwith an opening, and a wedge-shaped locking pin disposed within theopening of the element and engageable with the groove of the tie fordrawing said element longitudinally.

9. In a railway structure, the combination with a pair of spaced outerties respectively ha ing transverse slots formed near each end, of anintermediate tie having transverre slots formed therein and arranged. inalinement with the slots of the outer tie, a

splice bar seated within one of the slots of the intermediate tie andhaving interlocle ing engagement with said tie, the outer ends of thebar being respectively seated within the a-lined slots of theouter-ties, a wedgeshaped element associated with the last mentionedalined slots of the ties for clamping a rail section against the splicebar, one 01' said ties being formed with an inclined groove, the smallerend of the element being formed with an opening disposed at an obtuseangle with respect to said groove, and a wedge-shaped locking keydisposed within the opening of'th'e element and engageable within thegroove of the tie for drawing 3 In testimony whereof, I afiix my signa-20 ture, in presence of two mtnesses.

WILLIAM E. FRANKLIN.

mark Witnesses:

C. C. BURLESON, N. A, BUCHANAN.

